Arthroscopic surgery is done using small incisions called 'portals' to access the joint. Two or more portals are typically used with a video camera inserted through one portal, and the surgical instruments inserted through additional portals. Many procedures can be done arthroscopically, but that doesn't always mean that this is the best choice each patient. There are many variables we consider when determining how to most effectively perform an operation. Certain aspects of an operation may be performed arthroscopically, followed by open incisions for the other portions of the procedure. Arthroscopy is used frequently in the ankle joint to remove inflamed scar tissue or to access damaged cartilage, commonly referred to as an osteochondral defect (OCD). Sometimes tendon and ligamentous work may also be addressed arthroscopically. Less commonly, arthroscopy may be used to address smaller joints in the foot, such as the subtalar joint, joints in the hindfoot, or the first metatarsophalangeal joint.